Put your eyeliner pencil in the freezer for 20 minutes before sharpening and it won't break as easily. It will sharpen very well too!
Source: My daughter told me this tip.
By linn from Dartmouth, Nova Scotia
This page contains the following solutions.
Before sharpening eye pencils or lip pencils, place in freezer to firm up a bit. Less breakage.
I use makeup pencils for eyebrows, eye liner, and lip liner. I started putting the pencils and the sharpeners in the freezer for an hour or two before sharpening, and they will harden just enough to make it easy to do without breaking.